loan to value ratio formula
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If you're in the market for a loan, you may have heard the term loan-to-value ratio (LTV) thrown around. But what exactly does it mean, and how does it affect your ability to secure a loan?
Simply put, the LTV ratio is the amount of a loan compared to the appraised value of the property it's being used to purchase. For example, if you're buying a $200,000 home and you're putting $20,000 down, your loan would be $180,000, and your LTV would be 90%.
But why is this important? LTV is a critical factor when it comes to determining the risk of a loan. A lender will use it to assess the borrower's ability to repay the loan, as well as the potential for loss if the loan were to default. Generally speaking, the higher the LTV, the riskier the loan.
So how is LTV calculated?
There are a few variations to the LTV formula, but the most common is:
LTV = (Loan Amount / Appraised Value) x 100
Let's break it down. The LTV is calculated by dividing the loan amount by the appraised value of the property, then multiplying the result by 100 to get a percentage. For example, if the loan amount is $150,000 and the appraised value of the property is $200,000:
LTV = ($150,000 / $200,000) x 100 = 75%
So in this case, the LTV would be 75%.
It's important to note that the appraised value is not the same as the purchase price. The appraised value is an independent assessment of the property's worth, typically performed by a professional appraiser. This is to ensure that the value of the property is accurate and reflects market conditions.
As mentioned earlier, LTV is a key factor in determining the risk of a loan. Generally speaking, the lower the LTV, the less risky the loan is considered by the lender, since there is a greater equity cushion in the property.
For example, let's say two borrowers are applying for the same loan amount. Borrower A is putting 20% down, while Borrower B is only putting 5% down. Based on LTV alone, Borrower A's loan would be considered less risky, since the LTV would be 80% compared to Borrower B's 95%. As a result, Borrower A may be able to secure a lower interest rate or better loan terms than Borrower B.
LTV also matters when it comes to mortgage insurance. If your LTV is above a certain threshold, typically 80%, lenders will require you to carry mortgage insurance to protect against default. This can add significant costs to your monthly payment, so it's important to factor it into your budget.
If you're looking to maximize your LTV, there are a few strategies you can consider. One is to increase your down payment. The more you put down, the less you'll need to borrow, which can lower your LTV and potentially improve your loan terms.
Another option is to seek out loans specifically designed to have higher LTVs. For example, some government programs, such as the FHA loan program, allow borrowers to qualify for loans with LTVs as high as 96.5%. Keep in mind that these loans often come with additional requirements or restrictions, such as mortgage insurance or stricter credit score criteria.
When it comes to securing a loan, understanding your LTV ratio is critical. By knowing your LTV, you can have a better sense of the risk associated with your loan and potentially improve your chances of securing favorable loan terms. Additionally, by taking steps to improve your LTV, such as increasing your down payment or seeking out specialized loan programs, you can potentially save money and make your loan more affordable in the long run.
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| Loan Amount | $1,000 | $2,000 | $5,000 | $10,000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interest Rate | 24% | 19% | 13% | 8% |
| Loan Term | 12 Months | 24 Months | 48 Months | 60 Months |
| Fee | 3% | 5% | 8% | 10% |
| Fee Cost | $30 | $100 | $400 | $1,000 |
| Repayment | $94.56 | $100.82 | $131.67 | $202.28 |
| APR | 29.82% | 24.12% | 18.23% | 9.20% |
| Total Payments | $1,134.72 | $2,419.68 | $6,320.12 | $12,136.80 |
| Total Costs | $164.72 | $519.68 | $1,720.12 | $3,136.80 |
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